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-<p># day12</p><p><​br/></​p><​p>##​ 今日内容</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 函数中高级(闭包/​高阶函数)</​p><​p>​- 内置函数</​p><​p>​- 内置模块(.py文件)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>##​ 内容回顾</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 函数基础概念</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 函数基本结构</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func(arg):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return arg;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 func(123)</​p><p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 参数</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 写函数</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - def func(a1,​a2):​pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - def func(a1,a2=None):​pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - def func(*args,​**kwargs):​pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 执行函数</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - 位置参数在前/​关键字参数在后。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 函数小高级</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 函数可以做变量</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 func</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v2 = [func,​func,​func]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v2[1]()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><p>&​nbsp;​ - 函数可以做参数</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func(arg):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v2 arg()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def show():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 func(show)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 注意返回值</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><p>&​nbsp;​ - Python中以函数为作用域</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 第一题</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; for item in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(item)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 第二题</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; item 10</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; for item in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(item)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; func()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 第三题</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; item 10</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; item = 2</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(item)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; for item in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; inner()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; func()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 第四题【新浪微博】</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; for num in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v4 = [lambda :​num+10,​lambda :​num+100,​lambda :​num+100,​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; result1 = v4[1]()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; result2 = v4[2]()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(result1,​result2)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; func()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; # 第五题【新浪微博】</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; for num in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v4 = [lambda :​num+10,​lambda :​num+100,​lambda :​num+100,​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; result1 = v4[1]()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; num = 73</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; result2 = v4[2]()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(result1,​result2)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; func()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - lambda表达式(匿名函数)</p><p><br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v [lambda x:x=100,​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 内置</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 输入输出</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - print</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - input</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 强制转换</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - int</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - bool</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - str</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - list</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - tuple</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - dict</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - set</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 数学相关</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - max</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - min</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - sum</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - abs</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - divmod</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - float</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - pow</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v pow(2,​3)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(v)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - round</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v round(1.127,​2)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(v)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 进制</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - bin</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - oct</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - int</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - hex&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 其他</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - len</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - range</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - id</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - type</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; - open</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>##​ 补充</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​1. 数据类型中的方法到底有没有返回值?</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 无返回值</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```pytohn</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​v ​[11,​22,​33]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​v.append(99) # 无返回值</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 仅有返回值:</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​v ​&​quot;​alex&​quot;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​result = v.split(&#​39;​l&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp;v = {&#​39;​k1&#​39;:&#​39;​v2&#​39;​}</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​result1 = v.get(&#​39;​k1&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​result2 = v.keys()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 有返回+修改数据</p><p><br/></p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp;v = [11,​22,​33]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​result = v.pop()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &​nbsp;​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 常用需要记住</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp;- str</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- strip,返回字符串</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- split,返回列表</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- replace,返回字符串</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- join,返回字符串。</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp;- list</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- append,无</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- insert,无</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- pop,返回要删除的数据</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- remove,无</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- find/​index,返回索引的位置。</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp;- dict</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- get</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- keys</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- values</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;- items</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​2. 函数内部的数据是否会混乱。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 函数内部执行相互之间不会混乱</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp;- 执行完毕 + 内部元素不被其他人使用 =&gt; 销毁</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>## ​内容详细</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​### 1. 函数中高级</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>####​ 1.1 函数可以做返回值</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(123)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def bar():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return func</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​v = bar()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​v()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​oldboy&#​39;</​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>​def bar():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return func</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​v = bar()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​v()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​def bar():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(123)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return inner</​p><​p>​v = bar()</​p><​p>​v()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​oldboy&#​39;</​p><​p>​def bar():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; name = &#​39;​alex&#​39;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return inner</​p><​p>​v = bar()</​p><​p>​v()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​oldboy&#​39;</​p><​p>​def bar(name):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return inner</​p><​p>​v1 = bar(&#​39;​alex&#​39;​) # { name=alex, inner }&nbsp; # 闭包,为函数创建一块区域(内部变量供自己使用),为他以后执行提供数据。</​p><​p>​v2 = bar(&#​39;​eric&#​39;​) # { name=eric, inner }</​p><​p>​v1()</​p><​p>​v2()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​练习题</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>#​ 第一题</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​alex&#​39;</​p><​p>​def base():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ name = &#​39;​eric&#​39;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; base()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​func() # {name=eric, }</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>#​ 第二题</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​alex&#​39;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ name = &#​39;​eric&#​39;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def base():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; base()</​p><​p>​func()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>#​ 第三题</​p><​p>​name = &#​39;​alex&#​39;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ name = &#​39;​eric&#​39;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def base():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return base&​nbsp;</​p><​p>​base = func()</​p><​p>​base()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​注意:函数在何时被谁创建?</​p><​p>​面试题</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​info = []</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(item)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>​for item in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; info.append(func)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​info[0]()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​info = []</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def func(i):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(i)</​p><​p>​ return inner</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​for item in range(10):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; info.append(func(item))</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​info[0]()</​p><​p>​info[1]()</​p><​p>​info[4]()</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>####​ 1.2 闭包</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​def func(name):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def inner():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; print(name)</​p><​p>​ return inner&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​v1 = func(&#​39;​alex&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​v1()</​p><​p>​v2 = func(&#​39;​eric&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​v2()</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>####​ 1.高阶函数</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 把函数当作参数传递</​p><​p>​- 把函数当作返回值</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​注意:对函数进行赋值</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>####​ 1.4 总结</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 函数执行的流程分析(函数到底是谁创建的?)</​p><​p>​- 闭包概念:为函数创建一块区域并为其维护自己数据,以后执行时方便调用。【应用场景:装饰器 / SQLAlchemy源码】</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>###​ 2. 内置函数</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 编码相关</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - chr,将十进制数字转换成 unicode 编码中的对应字符串。&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v = chr(99)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(v)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - ord,根据字符在unicode编码中找到其对应的十进制。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; num = ord(&#​39;​中&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 应用:</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; import random</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def get_random_code(length=6):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; data = []</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; for i in range(length):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; v = random.randint(65,​90)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; data.append(chr(v))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return&​nbsp;​ &#​39;&#​39;​.join(data)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; code = get_random_code()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(code)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; import random # 导入一个模块&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v = random.randint(起始,​终止) # 得到一个随机数</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/​></​p><​p>​- 高级一点的内置函数</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - map,循环每个元素(第二个参数),然后让每个元素执行函数(第一个参数),将每个函数执行的结果保存到新的列表中,并返回。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 = [11,​22,​33,​44]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = map(lambda x:​x+100,​v1)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(list(result)) # 特殊</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - filter</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 = [11,​22,​33,&#​39;​asd&#​39;,​44,&#​39;​xf&#​39;​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func(x):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if type(x) == int:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return True</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return False</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = filter(func,​v1) # [11,​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(list(result))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = filter(lambda x: True if type(x) == int else False ,​v1)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(list(result))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = filter(lambda x: type(x) == int ,​v1)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(list(result))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - reduce</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; import functools</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v1 = [&#​39;​wo&#​39;,&#​39;​hao&#​39;,&#​39;​e&#​39;​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func(x,​y):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return x+y</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = functools.reduce(func,​v1)&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(result)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = functools.reduce(lambda x,​y:​x+y,​v1)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(result)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 面试题:</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 常用的内置函数有哪些?</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - filter/​map/​reduce是什么意思?</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 什么是匿名函数?</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```python</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; def func():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pass&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; v = [lambda x:​x+100,​]</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; ```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>###​ 3. 模块</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​将指定的 “字符串” 进行加密。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```</​p><​p>​import hashlib</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def get_md5(data):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj = hashlib.md5()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj.update(data.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = obj.hexdigest()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return result</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​val = get_md5(&#​39;​123&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​print(val)</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​加盐</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​import hashlib</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def get_md5(data):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj = hashlib.md5(&​quot;​sidrsicxwersdfsaersdfsdfresdy54436jgfdsjdxff123ad&​quot;​.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj.update(data.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = obj.hexdigest()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return result</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​val = get_md5(&#​39;​123&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​print(val)</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​应用:</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​import hashlib</​p><​p>​USER_LIST = []</​p><​p>​def get_md5(data):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj = hashlib.md5(&​quot;​12:;​idrsicxwersdfsaersdfsdfresdy54436jgfdsjdxff123ad&​quot;​.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj.update(data.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = obj.hexdigest()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return result</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def register():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(&#​39;​**************用户注册**************&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; while True:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; user = input(&#​39;​请输入用户名:&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if user == &#​39;​N&#​39;:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; pwd = input(&#​39;​请输入密码:&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; temp = {&#​39;​username&#​39;:​user,&#​39;​password&#​39;:​get_md5(pwd)}</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; USER_LIST.append(temp)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def login():</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(&#​39;​**************用户登陆**************&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; user = input(&#​39;​请输入用户名:&#​39;​)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; pwd = input(&#​39;​请输入密码:&#​39;​)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; for item in USER_LIST:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; if item[&#​39;​username&#​39;​] == user and item[&#​39;​password&#​39;​] == get_md5(pwd):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; return True</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​register()</​p><​p>​result = login()</​p><​p>​if result:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(&#​39;​登陆成功&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​else:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(&#​39;​登陆失败&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>####​ 赠送:密码不显示(只能在终端运行)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```python</​p><​p>​import getpass</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​pwd = getpass.getpass(&#​39;​请输入密码:&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​if pwd == &#​39;​123&#​39;:</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; print(&#​39;​输入正确&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>##​ 总结</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​- 自定义函数</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 基本函数结构(98%)</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - 高级</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 参数</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; - 闭包</​p><​p>​- 内置函数</​p><​p>​- 模块</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - random</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - hashlib</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ - getpass&​nbsp;</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>##​ 本周作业</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​1. 学习笔记:md文件</​p><​p>​2. 思维导图:png文件</​p><​p>​3. 本周每天的作业(考试题)</​p><​p>​4. 今天作业(码云)</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p><​br/>​</p>+<table><tbody><tr class="​firstRow"​><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td></tr><tr><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td><td width="​267"​ valign="​top"​><​br/></​td></tr></tbody></table><​p>###​ 3. 模块</​p><​p><​br/><​br/></​p><​p>​将指定的 “字符串” 进行加密。</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​```</​p><​p>​import hashlib</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​def get_md5(data):</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj = hashlib.md5()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; obj.update(data.encode(&#​39;​utf-8&#​39;​))</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; result = obj.hexdigest()</​p><​p>&​nbsp;​ &nbsp; return result</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​val = get_md5(&#​39;​123&#​39;​)</​p><​p>​print(val)</​p><​p>​```</​p><​p><​br/></​p><​p>​1. 学习笔记:md文件</​p><​p>​2. 思维导图:png文件</​p><​p>​3. 本周每天的作业(考试题)</​p><​p>​4. 今天作业(码云)</​p>​
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